發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)中增壓系統(tǒng)的安裝日漸增多,其目的是為了提高進(jìn)氣效率。電控增壓系統(tǒng)的研制開(kāi)發(fā)使增壓技術(shù)又跨上了一個(gè)新臺(tái)階。目前,應(yīng)用較普遍的是電控廢氣渦輪增壓系統(tǒng)。通常增壓器是為與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)低速小負(fù)荷工況相匹配而設(shè)計(jì)的,當(dāng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)大負(fù)荷運(yùn)行時(shí)容易導(dǎo)致增壓器超速運(yùn)行而損壞,為此,電控廢氣渦輪增壓系統(tǒng)專門在排氣管中廢氣渦輪室處增加了一旁通氣道,由ECU控制切換閥的開(kāi)度大小進(jìn)行調(diào)整。通常情況下切換閥閉合,廢氣通過(guò)渦輪氣室排出;一旦發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)大負(fù)荷運(yùn)行將導(dǎo)致廢氣渦輪轉(zhuǎn)速升高,當(dāng)進(jìn)氣壓力超過(guò)限值,ECU便會(huì)通過(guò)相應(yīng)機(jī)構(gòu)開(kāi)啟切換閥,使旁通氣道導(dǎo)通,廢氣不經(jīng)渦輪室而直接由旁通氣道排出,增壓器停止工作。
SR750 750-P5-G5-S5-HI-A20-R-E
廈門岳航計(jì)算機(jī)工程有限公司
聯(lián)系人:李素云
企業(yè)QQ:2851195446,2851195466
手機(jī):18965423501
座機(jī):0592-5165501
(六)故障自診斷系統(tǒng)
現(xiàn)代轎車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的電控系統(tǒng)中,ECU一般都帶有故障自診斷系統(tǒng),自行監(jiān)測(cè)、診斷發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)各部分的故障。對(duì)于傳感器,可通過(guò)檢測(cè)其信號(hào)是否超出規(guī)定范圍來(lái)直接進(jìn)行判斷;對(duì)于執(zhí)行器,則在其初始電路中增設(shè)專門回路來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)監(jiān)測(cè),對(duì)于ECU本身,也有專用程序進(jìn)行診斷。
故障自診斷系統(tǒng)時(shí)刻監(jiān)測(cè)各控制系統(tǒng)的工作情況,當(dāng)出現(xiàn)故障時(shí),一般轎車儀表板上的故障指示燈可閃爍報(bào)警,同時(shí)將故障信息以代碼的形式保存在微機(jī)的存儲(chǔ)器中,維修時(shí)不僅可以通過(guò)故障指示燈間斷閃爍來(lái)顯示,也可以通過(guò)專用的檢測(cè)儀器以數(shù)字的形式顯示故障代碼,以便進(jìn)一步通過(guò)手冊(cè)查出故障原因。自診斷系統(tǒng)很好地解決了復(fù)雜電控系統(tǒng)難以判斷故障的問(wèn)題。
(七)故障保險(xiǎn)系統(tǒng)及故障備用控制系統(tǒng)
當(dāng)自診斷系統(tǒng)檢測(cè)出傳感器及其電路故障后,ECU中的故障保險(xiǎn)系統(tǒng)隨之自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)發(fā)揮作用。故障保險(xiǎn)系統(tǒng)會(huì)用程序設(shè)定的數(shù)據(jù)取代故障部分輸入的非正常信號(hào),進(jìn)行直接控制。故障保險(xiǎn)系統(tǒng)一般通過(guò)軟件編程來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
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